ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS SOLVED
I. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
(i) Vasco da Gama was a
(a) Chinese sailor (b) Portuguese sailor (c) American sailor (d) Italian sailor
(ii) They were great Indian traders during the 16th and 17th centuries.
(a) Mir Jumla and Mulla Abdul Ghafur (b) Mulla Abdul Ghafar and Virji Vora
(c) Mir Zafer and Mir Zumla (d) None of above
(iii) Kabul and Qandahar were linked to the
(a) Silk Route (b) Cape Route (c) Suez canal Route (d) Cotton Route
(iv) A name used collectively for muslim merchants is
(a) Noors (b) Hoors (c) Moors (d) None of above
(v) The fort at Masulipatnam was built by the
(a) English (b) French (c) Dutch (d) Portuguese
(vi) An important festival celebrated at Hampi was
(a) Holi (b) Janamastami (c) Mahanavami (d) Deepawali
Ans. (i) - (b), (ii) - (b), (iii) - (a), (iv) - (c), (v) - (c), (vi) - (c).
II. Fill in the blanks.
(i) ............... is an example of an administrative centre as well as temple town.
(ii) The Chola bronze statues were made using the .............. technique.
(iii) Near Ajmer is a lake called .............. .
(iv) Masulipatan was a center of instance activity during the .............. centuries.
(v) The English, .................. and french formed East India Companies in order to expand their commerical activities in the east.
Ans. (i) Thanjavur (ii) 'lost wax' (iii) Pushkar (iv) Seventeenth (v) Dutch.
III. Write T for True and F for False
(i) Rulers built temples to show their devotion to various and deities.
(ii) Ajmer (Rajasthan) provides an excellent examples of religious co-existance.
(iii) The craftpersons of Bidar could not earn name and frame.
(iv) Surat was at the height of popularity at the end of 17th century.
(v) The Dutch built a fort at Masulipatnam.
Ans. (i) - T, (ii) - T, (iii) - F, (iv) - F, (v) - T.
IV. Match the following.
Column A Column B
(i) Kamchipuram (a) Portuguese traveller
(ii) Banjaras (b) Temple dancers
(iii) Manigramam and Nanadeshi (c) temple town
(iv) Saliyars or Kaikkolars (d) White rulers lived here
(v) Dmoingo Paes (e) Famous guilds
(vi) Devadasis (f) Weaver communities
(vii) Fort William in Culcutta (g) Traders
(viii) Virupaksha (e) form of Shiva
Ans. (i) - (c), (ii) - (g), (iii) - (e), (iv) - (f), (v) - (a), (vi) - (b), (vii) - (d), (viii) - (h).
V. Very Short Answer Type Questions
Q1. What do temple towns represent?
Ans. Temple towns represent a very important pattern of urbanisation.
Q2. Why did the rulers endow temples with grants of land and money?
Ans. They did so in order to carry out elaborate rituals, feed pilgrims and priests and celebrate festivals.
Q3. How did pligrims contribute to the temples?
Ans. They made donations.
Q4. What is bronze?
Ans. Bronze is an alloy that contains copper and tin.
Q5. What is bell metal?
Ans. Bell metal contains a greatest proportion of tin than other kind of bronze. This produce a bell like sound.
Q6. How did temple authorities use their wealth?
Ans. They used their wealth to finance trade and banking.
Q7. What did the Indian traders bring from Africa?
Ans. They brought gold and ivory from Africa.
Q8. Name a few Indian spices which became an important part of European cooking.
Ans. Pepper, cinnamon, nutmeg, dried ginger.
Q9. What were craftpersons of Bidar famous for?
Ans. They were famous for their inlay work in copper and silver.
Q10. What do the ruins of Hampi reveal?
Ans. The ruins at the Hampi reveal a well-fortified city.
Q11. Why has Surat been called the gateway to Mecca?
Ans. Surat has been called the gateway to Mecca because many pilgrim sail their ships sail from here.
Q12. What were the textiles of Surut famous for?
Ans. The textiles of Surat were famous for their gold lace borders, i.e. zari.
Q13. What was special with the Surat hundis?
Ans. The Surut hundis were honoured on the far-off markets of Cario in Egypt, Basra in Iraq and Antwerp in Belgium.
Q14. Why did the Dutch and the English east India Companies attempt to control Masulipatnam?
Ans. Because Masulipatnam become the most important part on the Andhra coast.
Q15. How did the European Companies gain control over the sea trade?
Ans. They gained control over the sea trade by using their naval power.
Q16. What was the system of advances?
Ans. Under the system of advances the weavers had to weave cloth which was already promised to European agents.
Q17. Name the residence meant for the white rulers in Madras.
Ans. Fort St. George.
Q18. Mention some articles of trade on which temple authorities collected taxes.
Ans. Sugar and Jaggery, dyes, thread, and cotton, coconut, salt, areca-nuts, butter, sesame oil and cloth.
VI. Short Answer Type Questions:
Q1. What is 'lost wax' technique?
Ans. A metal casting method that involve pouring molten metal into a mold made into a wax model. Firstly made a wax image cover with clay then left it to dry in sunlight. It was then heated and a small hole was made in the clay cover, then molten wax poured into clay mould once the metal cooled down and solidified, then remove the cover and clean and polished the image.
Q2. What purpose did small towns serve?
OR
Describe the various functions of small towns.
Ans. Small town emerged from large villages. They usually has a mandapika or mandi of later times to which nearly villages brought their produce to sell. Different kind of artisans such as potters, oil-pressers, sugar-makers, toddy-makers, smiths etc. also lived in these towns.
Q3. Give an account of the architecture of Hampi.
Ans. Hampi was the capital of the vijayanagar empire. The architecture of Hampi was distinictive. It bustled with commercial and cultural activities during the 15-16th centuries. Hampi fell into ruin following the defeat of Vijayanagar in 1565 by the Deccani Sultans.
Q4. How was Hampi in its heyday in the 15th-16th centuries? When did it fall into ruin?
Ans. During the 15th and 16th centuries Hampi was an important centre of commercial and cultural activities.
Moors, which was the muslim merchants, Chettis and agent of European traders such as the Portuguese, visited the market of Hampi.
Temples were the hub of cultural activities. Temple dancers known as devadasis performed before the deities, royalty ans masses in the many-pillared halls in the Virupaksha, a form of Shiva temple. The mahanavami festival was one of the most important festivals celebrate at Hampi.
Hampi fell into ruin following the defeat of Vijayanagra in 1565 by the Deccani Sultans.
Q5. What were the reasons of the decline of Surat?
Ans. Towards the end of the 17th century, Surat began to decline because of many reasons.
(i) Surat was known for its trading centre since its ancient times. Surat as a trade weakened because of the Mughal empire declined.
(ii) With the fall of the empire led to loss of markets and productivity. Surat became control of the Portuguese who used it for sea routes.
(iii) Later during the East India Company, trading centres was shifted to Bombay in the mid of the 17th century.
Q6. What made the city of Masulipatnam populous and prosperous?
Ans. The main reason for the city's popularity and prosperity was the imposition created on the sale of textiles and spices by the Qutb-Shahi rulers of Golconda, to prevent the trade from falling into the hands of the British East India Company.
Q7. How did the system of advances snatch the freedom of the weavers?
OR
How did the Indian crafts persons lose their Independence?
Ans. The demand of Indian Textiles were great in European market. so, the english began to make attempts, to control the craftspersons by appointing Indian traders as their agents. The system od advances completely ruined the weavers as they eagerly took them from the British. When they failed to meet the demand, the weavers lost a portion of their land or cloth they produced.
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